ArangoDB-PHP - Tutorial

Setting up the connection options

In order to use ArangoDB, you need to specify the connection options. We do so by creating a PHP array $connectionOptions. Put this code into a file named test.php in your current directory:

// use the following line when using Composer
// require __DIR__ . '/vendor/composer/autoload.php';

// use the following line when using git
require __DIR__ . '/arangodb-php/autoload.php';

// set up some aliases for less typing later
use ArangoDBClient\Collection as ArangoCollection;
use ArangoDBClient\CollectionHandler as ArangoCollectionHandler;
use ArangoDBClient\Connection as ArangoConnection;
use ArangoDBClient\ConnectionOptions as ArangoConnectionOptions;
use ArangoDBClient\DocumentHandler as ArangoDocumentHandler;
use ArangoDBClient\Document as ArangoDocument;
use ArangoDBClient\Exception as ArangoException;
use ArangoDBClient\Export as ArangoExport;
use ArangoDBClient\ConnectException as ArangoConnectException;
use ArangoDBClient\ClientException as ArangoClientException;
use ArangoDBClient\ServerException as ArangoServerException;
use ArangoDBClient\Statement as ArangoStatement;
use ArangoDBClient\UpdatePolicy as ArangoUpdatePolicy;

// set up some basic connection options
$connectionOptions = [
    // database name
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_DATABASE => '_system',
    // server endpoint to connect to
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_ENDPOINT => 'tcp://127.0.0.1:8529',
    // authorization type to use (currently supported: 'Basic')
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_AUTH_TYPE => 'Basic',
    // user for basic authorization
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_AUTH_USER => 'root',
    // password for basic authorization
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_AUTH_PASSWD => '',
    // connection persistence on server. can use either 'Close' (one-time connections) or 'Keep-Alive' (re-used connections)
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_CONNECTION => 'Keep-Alive',
    // connect timeout in seconds
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_TIMEOUT => 3,
    // whether or not to reconnect when a keep-alive connection has timed out on server
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_RECONNECT => true,
    // optionally create new collections when inserting documents
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_CREATE => true,
    // optionally create new collections when inserting documents
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_UPDATE_POLICY => ArangoUpdatePolicy::LAST,
];


// turn on exception logging (logs to whatever PHP is configured)
ArangoException::enableLogging();


$connection = new ArangoConnection($connectionOptions);

This will make the client connect to ArangoDB

  • running on localhost (OPTION_HOST)
  • on the default port 8529 (OPTION_PORT)
  • with a connection timeout of 3 seconds (OPTION_TIMEOUT)

When creating new documents in a collection that does not yet exist, you have the following choices:

  • auto-generate a new collection: if you prefer that, set OPTION_CREATE to true
  • fail with an error: if you prefer this behavior, set OPTION_CREATE to false

When updating a document that was previously/concurrently updated by another user, you can select between the following behaviors:

  • last update wins: if you prefer this, set OPTION_UPDATE_POLICY to last
  • fail with a conflict error: if you prefer that, set OPTION_UPDATE_POLICY to conflict

Setting up active failover

By default the PHP client will connect to a single endpoint only, by specifying a string value for the endpoint in the ConnectionOptions, e.g.

$connectionOptions = [
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_ENDPOINT => 'tcp://127.0.0.1:8529'
];

To set up multiple servers to connect to, it is also possible to specify an array of servers instead:

$connectionOptions = [
    ConnectionOptions::OPTION_ENDPOINT    => [ 'tcp://localhost:8531', 'tcp://localhost:8532', 'tcp://localhost:8530' ]
];

Using this option requires ArangoDB 3.3 or higher and the database running in active failover mode.

The driver will by default try to connect to the first server endpoint in the endpoints array, and only try the following servers if no connection can be established. If no connection can be made to any server, the driver will throw an exception.

As it is unknown to the driver which server from the array is the current leader, the driver will connect to the specified servers in array order by default. However, to spare a few unnecessary connection attempts to failed servers, it is possible to set up caching (using Memcached) for the server list. The cached value will contain the last working server first, so that as few connection attempts as possible will need to be made.

In order to use this caching, it is required to install the Memcached module for PHP, and to set up the following relevant options in the ConnectionOptions:

$connectionOptions = [
    // memcached persistent id (will be passed to Memcached::__construct)
    ConnectionOptions::OPTION_MEMCACHED_PERSISTENT_ID => 'arangodb-php-pool',

    // memcached servers to connect to (will be passed to Memcached::addServers)
    ConnectionOptions::OPTION_MEMCACHED_SERVERS       => [ [ '127.0.0.1', 11211 ] ],

    // memcached options (will be passed to Memcached::setOptions)
    ConnectionOptions::OPTION_MEMCACHED_OPTIONS       => [ ],

    // key to store the current endpoints array under
    ConnectionOptions::OPTION_MEMCACHED_ENDPOINTS_KEY => 'arangodb-php-endpoints'

    // time-to-live for the endpoints array stored in memcached
    ConnectionOptions::OPTION_MEMCACHED_TTL           => 600
];

Creating a collection

This is just to show how a collection is created. For these examples it is not needed to create a collection prior to inserting a document, as we set ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_CREATE to true.

So, after we get the settings, we can start with creating a collection. We will create a collection named users.

The below code will first set up the collection locally in a variable name $user, and then push it to the server and return the collection id created by the server:

$collectionHandler = new ArangoCollectionHandler($connection);

// clean up first
if ($collectionHandler->has('users')) {
    $collectionHandler->drop('users');
}
if ($collectionHandler->has('example')) {
    $collectionHandler->drop('example');
}

// create a new collection
$userCollection = new ArangoCollection();
$userCollection->setName('users');
$id = $collectionHandler->create($userCollection);

// print the collection id created by the server
var_dump($id);
// check if the collection exists
$result = $collectionHandler->has('users');
var_dump($result);

Creating a document

After we created the collection, we can start with creating an initial document. We will create a user document in a collection named users. This collection does not need to exist yet. The first document we will insert in this collection will create the collection on the fly. This is because we have set OPTION_CREATE to true in $connectionOptions.

The below code will first set up the document locally in a variable name $user, and then push it to the server and return the document id created by the server:

$handler = new ArangoDocumentHandler($connection);

// create a new document
$user = new ArangoDocument();

// use set method to set document properties
$user->set('name', 'John');
$user->set('age', 25);
$user->set('thisIsNull', null);

// use magic methods to set document properties
$user->likes = ['fishing', 'hiking', 'swimming'];

// send the document to the server
$id = $handler->save('users', $user);

// check if a document exists
$result = $handler->has('users', $id);
var_dump($result);

// print the document id created by the server
var_dump($id);
var_dump($user->getId());

Document properties can be set by using the set() method, or by directly manipulating the document properties.

As you can see, sending a document to the server is achieved by calling the save() method on the client library’s DocumentHandler class. It needs the collection name (users in this case) plus the document object to be saved. save() will return the document id as created by the server. The id is a numeric value that might or might not fit in a PHP integer.

Adding exception handling

The above code will work but it does not check for any errors. To make it work in the face of errors, we will wrap it into some basic exception handlers:

try {
    $handler = new ArangoDocumentHandler($connection);

    // create a new document
    $user = new ArangoDocument();

    // use set method to set document properties
    $user->set('name', 'John');
    $user->set('age', 25);

    // use magic methods to set document properties
    $user->likes = ['fishing', 'hiking', 'swimming'];

    // send the document to the server
    $id = $handler->save('users', $user);

    // check if a document exists
    $result = $handler->has('users', $id);
    var_dump($result);

    // print the document id created by the server
    var_dump($id);
    var_dump($user->getId());
} catch (ArangoConnectException $e) {
    print 'Connection error: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
} catch (ArangoClientException $e) {
    print 'Client error: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
} catch (ArangoServerException $e) {
    print 'Server error: ' . $e->getServerCode() . ':' . $e->getServerMessage() . ' ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
}

Retrieving a document

To retrieve a document from the server, the get() method of the DocumentHandler class can be used. It needs the collection name plus a document id. There is also the getById() method which is an alias for get().

// get the document back from the server
$userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
var_dump($userFromServer);

/*
The result of the get() method is a Document object that you can use in an OO fashion:

object(ArangoDBClient\Document)##6 (4) {
    ["_id":"ArangoDBClient\Document":private]=>
    string(15) "2377907/4818344"
    ["_rev":"ArangoDBClient\Document":private]=>
    int(4818344)
    ["_values":"ArangoDBClient\Document":private]=>
    array(3) {
        ["age"]=>
        int(25)
        ["name"]=>
        string(4) "John"
        ["likes"]=>
        array(3) {
            [0]=>
            string(7) "fishing"
            [1]=>
            string(6) "hiking"
            [2]=>
            string(8) "swimming"
        }
    }
    ["_changed":"ArangoDBClient\Document":private]=>
    bool(false)
}
*/

Whenever the document id is yet unknown, but you want to fetch a document from the server by any of its other properties, you can use the CollectionHandler->byExample() method. It allows you to provide an example of the document that you are looking for. The example should either be a Document object with the relevant properties set, or, a PHP array with the properties that you are looking for:

// get a document list back from the server, using a document example
$cursor = $collectionHandler->byExample('users', ['name' => 'John']);
var_dump($cursor->getAll());

This will return all documents from the specified collection (here: users) with the properties provided in the example (here: that have an attribute name with a value of "John"). The result is a cursor which can be iterated sequentially or completely. We have chosen to get the complete result set above by calling the cursor’s getAll() method.

CollectionHandler->byExample() returns multiple documents if the example is ambiguous.

Updating a document

To update an existing document, the update() method of the DocumentHandler class can be used. In this example we want to:

  • set state to 'CA'
  • change the likes array
// update a document
$userFromServer->likes = ['fishing', 'swimming'];
$userFromServer->state = 'CA';

$result = $handler->update($userFromServer);
var_dump($result);

$userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
var_dump($userFromServer);

To remove an attribute using the update() method, an option has to be passed telling it to not keep attributes with null values. In this example we want to remove the age:

// update a document removing an attribute,
// The 'keepNull'=>false option will cause ArangoDB to
// remove all attributes in the document,
// that have null as their value - not only the ones defined here

$userFromServer->likes = ['fishing', 'swimming'];
$userFromServer->state = 'CA';
$userFromServer->age   = null;

$result = $handler->update($userFromServer, ['keepNull' => false]);
var_dump($result);

$userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
var_dump($userFromServer);

The document that is updated using the previous example must have been fetched from the server before. If you want to update a document without having fetched it from the server before, use updateById():

// update a document, identified by collection and document id
$user        = new ArangoDocument();
$user->name  = 'John';
$user->likes = ['Running', 'Rowing'];

// Notice that for the example we're getting the existing 
// document id via a method call. Normally we would use the known id
$result = $handler->updateById('users', $userFromServer->getId(), $user);
var_dump($result);

$userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
var_dump($userFromServer);

To completely replace an existing document, the replace() method of the DocumentHandler class can be used. In this example we want to remove the state attribute:

// replace a document (notice that we are using the previously fetched document)
// In this example we are removing the state attribute
unset($userFromServer->state);

$result = $handler->replace($userFromServer);
var_dump($result);

$userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
var_dump($userFromServer);

The document that is replaced using the previous example must have been fetched from the server before. If you want to replace a document without having fetched it from the server before, use replaceById():

// replace a document, identified by collection and document id
$user        = new ArangoDocument();
$user->name  = 'John';
$user->likes = ['Running', 'Rowing'];

// Notice that for the example we're getting the existing 
// document id via a method call. Normally we would use the known id
$result = $handler->replaceById('users', $userFromServer->getId(), $user);
var_dump($result);

$userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
var_dump($userFromServer);

Deleting a document

To remove an existing document on the server, the remove() method of the DocumentHandler class will do. remove() just needs the document to be removed as a parameter:

// remove a document on the server, using a document object
$result = $handler->remove($userFromServer);
var_dump($result);

Note that the document must have been fetched from the server before. If you haven’t fetched the document from the server before, use the removeById() method. This requires just the collection name (here: users) and the document id.

// remove a document on the server, using a collection id and document id
// In this example, we are using the id of the document we deleted in the previous example,
// so it will throw an exception here. (we are catching it though, in order to continue)

try {
    $result = $handler->removeById('users', $userFromServer->getId());
} catch (\ArangoDBClient\ServerException $e) {
    $e->getMessage();
}

Running an AQL query

To run an AQL query, use the Statement class.

The method Statement::execute creates a Cursor object which can be used to iterate over the query’s result set.

// create a statement to insert 1000 test users
$statement = new ArangoStatement(
    $connection, [
        'query' => 'FOR i IN 1..1000 INSERT { _key: CONCAT("test", i) } IN users'
    ]
);

// execute the statement
$cursor = $statement->execute();


// now run another query on the data, using bind parameters
$statement = new ArangoStatement(
    $connection, [
        'query' => 'FOR u IN @@collection FILTER u.name == @name RETURN u',
        'bindVars' => [
            '@collection' => 'users',
            'name' => 'John'
        ]
    ]
);

// executing the statement returns a cursor
$cursor = $statement->execute();

// easiest way to get all results returned by the cursor
var_dump($cursor->getAll());

// to get statistics for the query, use Cursor::getExtra();
var_dump($cursor->getExtra());

Note: by default the Statement object will create a Cursor that converts each value into a Document object. This is normally the intended behavior for AQL queries that return entire documents. However, an AQL query can also return projections or any other data that cannot be converted into Document objects.

In order to suppress the conversion into Document objects, the Statement must be given the _flat attribute. This allows processing the results of arbitrary AQL queries:

// run an AQL query that does not return documents but scalars
// we need to set the _flat attribute of the Statement in order for this to work
$statement = new ArangoStatement(
    $connection, [
        'query' => 'FOR i IN 1..1000 RETURN i',
        '_flat' => true
    ]
);

// executing the statement returns a cursor
$cursor = $statement->execute();

// easiest way to get all results returned by the cursor
// note that now the results won't be converted into Document objects
var_dump($cursor->getAll());

Exporting data

To export the contents of a collection to PHP, use the Export class. The Export class will create a light-weight cursor over all documents of the specified collection. The results can be transferred to PHP in chunks incrementally. This is the most efficient way of iterating over all documents in a collection.

// creates an export object for collection users
$export = new ArangoExport($connection, 'users', []);

// execute the export. this will return a special, forward-only cursor
$cursor = $export->execute();

// now we can fetch the documents from the collection in blocks
while ($docs = $cursor->getNextBatch()) {
    // do something with $docs
    var_dump($docs);
}

// the export can also be restricted to just a few attributes per document:
$export = new ArangoExport(
    $connection, 'users', [
        '_flat' => true,
        'restrict' => [
            'type' => 'include',
            'fields' => ['_key', 'likes']
        ]
    ]
);

// now fetch just the configured attributes for each document
while ($docs = $cursor->getNextBatch()) {
    // do something with $docs
    var_dump($docs);
}

Bulk document handling

The ArangoDB-PHP driver provides a mechanism to easily fetch multiple documents from the same collection with a single request. All that needs to be provided is an array of document keys:

$exampleCollection = new ArangoCollection();
$exampleCollection->setName('example');
$id = $collectionHandler->create($exampleCollection);

// create a statement to insert 100 example documents
$statement = new ArangoStatement(
    $connection, [
        'query' => 'FOR i IN 1..100 INSERT { _key: CONCAT("example", i), value: i } IN example'
    ]
);
$statement->execute();

// later on, we can assemble a list of document keys
$keys = [];
for ($i = 1; $i <= 100; ++$i) {
    $keys[] = 'example' . $i;
}
// and fetch all the documents at once
$documents = $collectionHandler->lookupByKeys('example', $keys);
var_dump($documents);

// we can also bulk-remove them:
$result = $collectionHandler->removeByKeys('example', $keys);

var_dump($result);

Dropping a collection

To drop an existing collection on the server, use the drop() method of the CollectionHandler class. drop() just needs the name of the collection name to be dropped:

// drop a collection on the server, using its name,
$result = $collectionHandler->drop('users');
var_dump($result);

// drop the other one we created, too
$collectionHandler->drop('example');

Custom Document class

If you want to use custom document class you can pass its name to DocumentHandler or CollectionHandler using method setDocumentClass. Remember that Your class must extend \ArangoDBClient\Document.

$ch = new CollectionHandler($connection);
$ch->setDocumentClass('\AppBundle\Entity\Product');
$cursor = $ch->all('product'); 
// All returned documents will be \AppBundle\Entity\Product instances


$dh = new DocumentHandler($connection);
$dh->setDocumentClass('\AppBundle\Entity\Product');
$product = $dh->get('products', 11231234);
// Product will be \AppBundle\Entity\Product instance

See the customDocumentClass.php example for more details.

Logging exceptions

The driver provides a simple logging mechanism that is turned off by default. If it is turned on, the driver will log all its exceptions using PHP’s standard error_log mechanism. It will call PHP’s error_log() function for this. It depends on the PHP configuration if and where exceptions will be logged. Please consult your php.ini settings for further details.

To turn on exception logging in the driver, set a flag on the driver’s Exception base class, from which all driver exceptions are subclassed:

use ArangoDBClient\Exception as ArangoException;

ArangoException::enableLogging();

To turn logging off, call its disableLogging method:

use ArangoDBClient\Exception as ArangoException;

ArangoException::disableLogging();

Putting it all together

Here is the full code that combines all the pieces outlined above:

// use the following line when using Composer
// require __DIR__ . '/vendor/composer/autoload.php';

// use the following line when using git
require __DIR__ . '/autoload.php';

// set up some aliases for less typing later
use ArangoDBClient\Collection as ArangoCollection;
use ArangoDBClient\CollectionHandler as ArangoCollectionHandler;
use ArangoDBClient\Connection as ArangoConnection;
use ArangoDBClient\ConnectionOptions as ArangoConnectionOptions;
use ArangoDBClient\DocumentHandler as ArangoDocumentHandler;
use ArangoDBClient\Document as ArangoDocument;
use ArangoDBClient\Exception as ArangoException;
use ArangoDBClient\Export as ArangoExport;
use ArangoDBClient\ConnectException as ArangoConnectException;
use ArangoDBClient\ClientException as ArangoClientException;
use ArangoDBClient\ServerException as ArangoServerException;
use ArangoDBClient\Statement as ArangoStatement;
use ArangoDBClient\UpdatePolicy as ArangoUpdatePolicy;

// set up some basic connection options
$connectionOptions = [
    // database name
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_DATABASE => '_system',
    // server endpoint to connect to
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_ENDPOINT => 'tcp://127.0.0.1:8529',
    // authorization type to use (currently supported: 'Basic')
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_AUTH_TYPE => 'Basic',
    // user for basic authorization
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_AUTH_USER => 'root',
    // password for basic authorization
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_AUTH_PASSWD => '',
    // connection persistence on server. can use either 'Close' (one-time connections) or 'Keep-Alive' (re-used connections)
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_CONNECTION => 'Keep-Alive',
    // connect timeout in seconds
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_TIMEOUT => 3,
    // whether or not to reconnect when a keep-alive connection has timed out on server
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_RECONNECT => true,
    // optionally create new collections when inserting documents
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_CREATE => true,
    // optionally create new collections when inserting documents
    ArangoConnectionOptions::OPTION_UPDATE_POLICY => ArangoUpdatePolicy::LAST,
];


// turn on exception logging (logs to whatever PHP is configured)
ArangoException::enableLogging();

try {
    $connection = new ArangoConnection($connectionOptions);

    $collectionHandler = new ArangoCollectionHandler($connection);

    // clean up first
    if ($collectionHandler->has('users')) {
        $collectionHandler->drop('users');
    }
    if ($collectionHandler->has('example')) {
        $collectionHandler->drop('example');
    }

    // create a new collection
    $userCollection = new ArangoCollection();
    $userCollection->setName('users');
    $id = $collectionHandler->create($userCollection);

    // print the collection id created by the server
    var_dump($id);

    // check if the collection exists
    $result = $collectionHandler->has('users');
    var_dump($result);

    $handler = new ArangoDocumentHandler($connection);

    // create a new document
    $user = new ArangoDocument();

    // use set method to set document properties
    $user->set('name', 'John');
    $user->set('age', 25);
    $user->set('thisIsNull', null);

    // use magic methods to set document properties
    $user->likes = ['fishing', 'hiking', 'swimming'];

    // send the document to the server
    $id = $handler->save('users', $user);

    // check if a document exists
    $result = $handler->has('users', $id);
    var_dump($result);

    // print the document id created by the server
    var_dump($id);
    var_dump($user->getId());


    // get the document back from the server
    $userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
    var_dump($userFromServer);

    // get a document list back from the server, using a document example
    $cursor = $collectionHandler->byExample('users', ['name' => 'John']);
    var_dump($cursor->getAll());


    // update a document
    $userFromServer->likes = ['fishing', 'swimming'];
    $userFromServer->state = 'CA';

    $result = $handler->update($userFromServer);
    var_dump($result);

    $userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
    var_dump($userFromServer);


    // update a document removing an attribute,
    // The 'keepNull'=>false option will cause ArangoDB to
    // remove all attributes in the document,
    // that have null as their value - not only the ones defined here

    $userFromServer->likes = ['fishing', 'swimming'];
    $userFromServer->state = 'CA';
    $userFromServer->age   = null;

    $result = $handler->update($userFromServer, ['keepNull' => false]);
    var_dump($result);

    $userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
    var_dump($userFromServer);


    // replace a document (notice that we are using the previously fetched document)
    // In this example we are removing the state attribute
    unset($userFromServer->state);

    $result = $handler->replace($userFromServer);
    var_dump($result);

    $userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
    var_dump($userFromServer);


    // replace a document, identified by collection and document id
    $user                  = new ArangoDocument();
    $user->name            = 'John';
    $user->likes           = ['Running', 'Rowing'];
    $userFromServer->state = 'CA';

    // Notice that for the example we're getting the existing
    // document id via a method call. Normally we would use the known id
    $result = $handler->replaceById('users', $userFromServer->getId(), $user);
    var_dump($result);

    $userFromServer = $handler->get('users', $id);
    var_dump($userFromServer);


    // remove a document on the server
    $result = $handler->remove($userFromServer);
    var_dump($result);


    // remove a document on the server, using a collection id and document id
    // In this example, we are using the id of the document we deleted in the previous example,
    // so it will throw an exception here. (we are catching it though, in order to continue)

    try {
        $result = $handler->removeById('users', $userFromServer->getId());
    } catch (\ArangoDBClient\ServerException $e) {
        $e->getMessage();
    }



    // create a statement to insert 1000 test users
    $statement = new ArangoStatement(
        $connection, [
            'query' => 'FOR i IN 1..1000 INSERT { _key: CONCAT("test", i) } IN users'
        ]
    );

    // execute the statement
    $cursor = $statement->execute();


    // now run another query on the data, using bind parameters
    $statement = new ArangoStatement(
        $connection, [
            'query' => 'FOR u IN @@collection FILTER u.name == @name RETURN u',
            'bindVars' => [
                '@collection' => 'users',
                'name' => 'John'
            ]
        ]
    );

    // executing the statement returns a cursor
    $cursor = $statement->execute();

    // easiest way to get all results returned by the cursor
    var_dump($cursor->getAll());

    // to get statistics for the query, use Cursor::getExtra();
    var_dump($cursor->getExtra());


    // creates an export object for collection users
    $export = new ArangoExport($connection, 'users', []);

    // execute the export. this will return a special, forward-only cursor
    $cursor = $export->execute();

    // now we can fetch the documents from the collection in blocks
    while ($docs = $cursor->getNextBatch()) {
        // do something with $docs
        var_dump($docs);
    }

    // the export can also be restricted to just a few attributes per document:
    $export = new ArangoExport(
        $connection, 'users', [
            '_flat' => true,
            'restrict' => [
                'type' => 'include',
                'fields' => ['_key', 'likes']
            ]
        ]
    );

    // now fetch just the configured attributes for each document
    while ($docs = $cursor->getNextBatch()) {
        // do something with $docs
        var_dump($docs);
    }


    $exampleCollection = new ArangoCollection();
    $exampleCollection->setName('example');
    $id = $collectionHandler->create($exampleCollection);

    // create a statement to insert 100 example documents
    $statement = new ArangoStatement(
        $connection, [
            'query' => 'FOR i IN 1..100 INSERT { _key: CONCAT("example", i), value: i } IN example'
        ]
    );
    $statement->execute();

    // later on, we can assemble a list of document keys
    $keys = [];
    for ($i = 1; $i <= 100; ++$i) {
        $keys[] = 'example' . $i;
    }
    // and fetch all the documents at once
    $documents = $collectionHandler->lookupByKeys('example', $keys);
    var_dump($documents);

    // we can also bulk-remove them:
    $result = $collectionHandler->removeByKeys('example', $keys);

    var_dump($result);


    // drop a collection on the server, using its name,
    $result = $collectionHandler->drop('users');
    var_dump($result);

    // drop the other one we created, too
    $collectionHandler->drop('example');
} catch (ArangoConnectException $e) {
    print 'Connection error: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
} catch (ArangoClientException $e) {
    print 'Client error: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
} catch (ArangoServerException $e) {
    print 'Server error: ' . $e->getServerCode() . ': ' . $e->getServerMessage() . ' - ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
}
❮  Getting Started

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